{"id":17859,"date":"2022-03-08T17:08:37","date_gmt":"2022-03-08T09:08:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/?post_type=health-article&#038;p=17859"},"modified":"2025-12-12T10:54:55","modified_gmt":"2025-12-12T02:54:55","slug":"getting-cholesterol-clarity","status":"publish","type":"health-article","link":"https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/health-articles\/getting-cholesterol-clarity\/","title":{"rendered":"Getting Cholesterol Clarity"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"17859\" class=\"elementor elementor-17859\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b92652c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b92652c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1e3b51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f1e3b51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Did you know that a research result published in 2019 by National Health &amp; Morbidity Survey (NHMS) showed that four out of 10 people in Malaysia have high cholesterol? Out of this, one out of four are not aware of their condition.<\/p><p>What we do not know could hurt us. We want to help more mummies be aware and lead a healthy lifestyle, thus highlighting the topic on cholesterol. We may often be reminded to eat healthy and watch our cholesterol levels, but we may not have a full understanding of how to do so, and the risks of other serious health threats it brings.<\/p><p>Dr Benjamin Leo Cheang Leng, Consultant Internal Medicine Physician &amp; Interventional Cardiologist from Columbia Asia Hospital &#8211; Tebrau, sheds helpful information on what we need to know all about cholesterol. Read on for in-depth insights and tips!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4a674a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e4a674a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container{height:100%;width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty{position:relative;min-height:22px;min-width:22px}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:auto;padding:0;width:22px;height:22px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-891ecb8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"891ecb8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic01\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is the guideline for healthy cholesterol levels, and do they differ by age or gender?\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73fece0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73fece0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Many countries produce guidelines for management of cholesterol and Malaysia is no exception. Malaysian healthcare professionals generally follow the 5th edition of Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Dyslipidaemia and the Primary &amp; Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease that were released in 2017.<\/p><p>Dyslipidaemia (disordered lipid levels) has been well established as a Cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. It refers to the following lipid levels:<\/p><ul><li>Total cholesterol (TC) &gt; 5.2 mmol\/l<\/li><li>HDL-C &lt; 1.0 mmol\/l (males) &lt; 1.2 mmol\/l (females)<\/li><li>TG &gt; 1.7 mmol\/l<\/li><li>LDL-C levels \u2013 will depend on the patient\u2019s cardiovascular risk<\/li><\/ul><p>The levels are not affected by a person\u2019s age or gender. However, age and gender will influence a person\u2019s overall CV risk, and this will in turn will determine the levels of cholesterol (especially LDL) that is acceptable for that particular person.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7417a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d7417a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f856f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f856f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic02\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are the symptoms of having high cholesterol?\n\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23601c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23601c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Most people with high cholesterol do not experience any symptoms until cholesterol related atherosclerosis occurs and they get symptoms of a stroke or heart disease.<\/p><p>Some people develop cholesterol deposition around the eyes (xanthelasma), at the cornea (corneal arcus) and at tendons of the finger or achilles tendon (tendon xanthomata), elbows (tuberous xanthomata), palm creases (striae xanthomata) and buttocks (eruptive xanthomata).<\/p><p>Therefore, we shouldn\u2019t wait for symptoms to occur before checking our lipid (cholesterol) levels.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b6a6fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7b6a6fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06dbadb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"06dbadb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic03\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">At what age do people usually check on their cholesterol, and how often should checks be done?\n\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f67cfe4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f67cfe4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Guidelines encourage the screening of all adults above 30 years of age. These individuals should have a complete lipid profile (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG). The presence of other cardiovascular risk factors (such as blood sugar, blood pressure (BP), weight, smoking status, physical inactivity) should also be determined and the individual counselled appropriately.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-942855e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"942855e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ha-getting-cholesterol-clarity-side-image-2.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-17862\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ha-getting-cholesterol-clarity-side-image-2.jpeg 450w, https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ha-getting-cholesterol-clarity-side-image-2-300x200.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c935846 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c935846\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e71082a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e71082a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>However, individuals who are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) should have a lipid profile earlier in life (&gt; 18 years of age). This includes individuals with a family history of premature CVD, genetic dyslipidaemias, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus (DM) and abdominal obesity.<\/p><p>How often the checks should be done depends on the global risk, and whether treatment is initiated. If medications are given, it is recommended to recheck in 3 months to track efficacy of the treatment.<\/p><p>Young low risk individuals should check lipid profile every 4 years. Those older or at higher risk should check yearly.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fe3e5e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6fe3e5e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60364bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60364bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic04\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What precautions can one take if high cholesterol runs in the family?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fab0c41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fab0c41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>If high cholesterol runs in the family, do have a blood test to test for complete lipid profile. (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG) and get your global cardiovascular risk assessed. This will guide the management of the high cholesterol.<\/p><p>Start implementing Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes like adhering to a healthy diet, regular exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoking and maintenance of an ideal weight. These remain critical components of health promotion and cardiovascular disease risk reduction.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64be584 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"64be584\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ha-getting-cholesterol-clarity-side-image-03.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-17863\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ha-getting-cholesterol-clarity-side-image-03.jpeg 450w, https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ha-getting-cholesterol-clarity-side-image-03-300x200.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75973ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"75973ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6166b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f6166b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic05\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What makes our cholesterol levels go up?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b9f9e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6b9f9e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Our body naturally produces the cholesterol it needs. An unhealthy lifestyle makes our body produce more cholesterol than it needs. This is the cause of high cholesterol in most people.<\/p><p>However, there are some people who inherit genes from their parents that cause them to have high cholesterol (Familial\/hereditary hypercholesterolaemia). The severity of the Familial hypercholesterolemia is related to the duration and degree of the LDL cholesterol in the blood.<\/p><p>As mentioned before, high levels of cholesterol can lead to atherosclerotic heart disease and stroke.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07fd084 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"07fd084\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c33dc7b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c33dc7b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic06\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are some of the risks and diseases that can be caused by high cholesterol?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a8feda elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a8feda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>High cholesterol increases the risk of atherosclerosis (narrowing of the arterial blood vessels) and developing other medical diseases. The diseases occurring depends on which vessels are narrowed or blocked.<\/p><p>The main risk associated with high cholesterol is the increased risk of coronary heart disease. This occurs when there is cholesterol deposition at the arteries (atherosclerosis) causing the arteries of the heart to be narrowed or blocked.<\/p><p>This can result in angina (chest pain) when not enough blood flows to supply the muscles of the heart, or a heart attack, when the blood vessel is blocked completely and the heart muscles do not get blood supply and die.<\/p><p>If the blood vessels of the brain is involved, a stroke could occur. Part of the brain cannot get the blood supply and oxygen it needs and this will result in part of the brain dying (stoke).<\/p><p>Peripheral arterial diseases (blood vessels that are outside the heart and brain) can occur as well. Again, atherosclerosis affecting the blood vessels in the body can affect the blood supply to the leg and feet and other organs like the kidneys. This could result in pain at the legs and kidney failure.<\/p><p>Type 2 diabetes is also linked to high cholesterol. People with diabetes tend to have higher levels of Triglyceride (TG), lower levels of HDL cholesterol and higher LDL cholesterol.<\/p><p>High blood pressure is also linked with high cholesterol. When there is atherosclerosis, (arteries becoming narrow and hardened), the heart has to strain harder to pump blood through the diseased arteries. Blood pressure could be higher then.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04d8879 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"04d8879\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57c90d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"57c90d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic07\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How is high cholesterol treated and how quickly can it return to normal?\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e73e32 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e73e32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The first step is to encourage Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes, i.e.:<\/p><ul><li>adhering to a healthy diet<\/li><li>regular exercise<\/li><li>avoidance of tobacco smoking<\/li><li>maintenance of an ideal weight<\/li><\/ul><p>This advice not only reduces cholesterol but reduce overall cardiovascular disease risk as well.<\/p><p>It generally takes between 3 to 6 months to see the effect of exercise and diet on cholesterol.<\/p><p>The effect of medication on cholesterol is faster, at 1 to 3 months.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0367bb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0367bb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60a4636 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60a4636\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic08\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What kind of medication is usually prescribed to treat cholesterol? Are there any side effects?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e2380c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e2380c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>There are a few lipid modifying drugs that are used to treat high cholesterol. Each class comes with its own benefits and side effects.<\/p><p>The most commonly prescribed class of drug is the HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins). The common side effects are myopathy and increased liver enzymes.<\/p><p>There is also a small increased risk of new onset diabetes.<\/p><p>The other medications used and their properties are listed in the table below.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6729b4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6729b4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a44abca elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-table\" data-id=\"a44abca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-table.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-table jet-elements\">\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-table-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"jet-table jet-table--fa5-compat\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead class=\"jet-table__head\"><tr class=\"jet-table__head-row\"><th class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-ea18955 jet-table__head-cell\" scope=\"col\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Drug Class<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><th class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-a5dc170 jet-table__head-cell\" scope=\"col\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Lipid Effects<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><th class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-a282e1d jet-table__head-cell\" scope=\"col\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Side Effect<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><th class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-3854e5a jet-table__head-cell\" scope=\"col\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Contraindications<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<tbody class=\"jet-table__body\"><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-8b1e671\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-9a82036 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors\n(Statins)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-d80a73e jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">LDL-C \u2193 21-55%\nHDL-C \u2191 2-10%\nTG \u2193 6-30%<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-97c81a4 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\"><ul>\n<li>\nMyopathy<\/li>\n<li>Increased liver enzymes<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-55c2c88 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\"><b>Absolute:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>\nActive or chronic liver disease<\/li><\/ul>\n<b>Relative:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>\nConcomitant use of certain drugs<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-28bac52\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-04316d7 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Fibric-Acid Derivatives\n(Fibrates)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-28db8a7 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">LDL-C \u2193 20-35% (Fenofibrate)\nHDL-C \u2191 6-18%\nPrimarily TG \u2193 20-35%<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-15aa339 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\"><ul>\n<li>\nDyspepsia<\/li>\n<li>Cholelithiasis<\/li>\n<li>Myopathy<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-016f289 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\"><b>Absolute:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>\nSevere hepatic disease<\/li>\n<li>Severe renal disease<\/li><\/ul>\n<b>Relative:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>\nConcomitant use of certain drugs<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-d2c7bfc\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-09401c7 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Proprotein convertase subtilisin\/\nkesin type 9\n(PCSK 9) inhibitors<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-1ab9686 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">LDL-C \u2193 48-71%\nNon-HDL-C \u2191 49-58%\nTC \u2193 36-42%<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-8a5707b jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\"><ul>\n<li>\nInjection site swelling or rash<\/li>\n<li>Nasopharyngitis<\/li>\n<li>Limb pain<\/li>\n<li>Fatigue<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-b891906 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\"><b>Absolute:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>\nHypersensitivity<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-21aa05d\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-a7a9582 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Bile-Acid Sequestrants\n(Anion exchange resins)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-94ede15 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">LDL-C \u2193 15-25%\nHDL-C \u2191 3-5%\nTG \/ \u2191<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-00ab6e6 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\"><ul>\n<li>\nGIT distress<\/li>\n<li>Constipation<\/li>\n<li>Reduce absorption of folic acid and fat-soluble vitamins (A,D &#038; K)<\/li>\n<li>Decreased absorption of certain drugs<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-8f86126 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\"><b>Absolute:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>\nDysbetalipoproteinemia<\/li>\n<li>TG>4.5 mmol\/L<\/li><\/ul>\n\n<b>Relative:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>TG>2.3 mmol\/L<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-ec2086c\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-0cefa8d jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Nicotinic Acid (Niacin)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-a329848 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">LDL-C \u2193 10-25%\nHDL-C \u2191 10-35%\nTG \u2193 20-30%<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-1f46279 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\"><ul>\n<li>\nFlushing<\/li>\n<li>Hyperglycaemia<\/li>\n<li>Hyperuricemia (or gout)<\/li>\n<li>Upper-GIT distress<\/li>\n<li>Hepatotoxicity (rare but may be severe)<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-c61d255 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\"><b>Absolute:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>\nChronic-liver disease<\/li>\n<li>Severe gout<\/ul>\n\n<b>Relative:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>Diabetes (high doses only)<\/li>\n<li>Peptic Ulcer Disease<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-67b666a\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-be48170 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-2c5737b jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Primarily LDL-C \u2193 10-18% (monotherapy)\nIn combination with (a) statins: Additional \u2193 25%\n(b) fenofibrate: \u2193 20-22%<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-c175fe3 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\"><ul>\n<li>\nHeadache<\/li>\n<li>Abdominal pain<\/li>\n<li>Diarrhoea<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-f673269 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-883f5ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"883f5ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cde04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cde04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic09\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fish oil<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c67a1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2c67a1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fish oil may be useful in the treatment of elevated triglycerides but it is not a replacement for statins in the treatment of elevated cholesterol.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2021425 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2021425\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e08ae12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e08ae12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic10\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Co-enzyme Q10<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2aa5864 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2aa5864\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>There is no definite evidence to support the use of Co-enzyme Q10 on the reduction of cholesterol levels and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0322ea9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0322ea9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89ac2bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"89ac2bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic11\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Red yeast rice<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-194ef99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"194ef99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Red yeast rice contains substances that are structurally identical to statins. However, unlike statins, there are no data on its safety in long term use.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-472ec40 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"472ec40\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be6bcec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"be6bcec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic11\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Coconut oil<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f5c2f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4f5c2f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Virgin coconut oil or coconut oil may worsen lipid profile. Its use is not supported by robust scientific evidence when taken on its own. If coconut oil is used as part of a daily eating plan and\/or in food preparation, it is recommended that it be used within the context of a healthy dietary pattern<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca371b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ca371b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0929191 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0929191\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic12\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are foods that are high in cholesterol that we need to be mindful of?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2df383d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2df383d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Although the role of serum cholesterol (especially LDL cholesterol) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease is strong, the contribution of dietary cholesterols to blood cholesterol levels is more controversial.<\/p><p>Data does indicate that the impact of dietary cholesterol on serum cholesterol levels is weak. However, many high-cholesterol foods also contain high levels of saturated fats (SFA).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6f13d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d6f13d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe59802 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fe59802\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ha-getting-cholesterol-clarity-side-image-5.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17864\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ha-getting-cholesterol-clarity-side-image-5.jpeg 450w, https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ha-getting-cholesterol-clarity-side-image-5-300x200.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cfa118 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7cfa118\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b9fb75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6b9fb75\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This includes dairy products, meat (especially beef and pork) and most processed foods. For this reason, international lipid guidelines recommend limiting dietary cholesterol to &lt; 200 mg\/day in secondary prevention.<\/p><p>To reduce trans fatty acid, we should minimise consumption of high fat processed meat (sausages, corned meat, nuggets, salami, burger, pepperoni, ham, serunding, etc.) and bakery products including cakes, biscuits, frozen pizza, cookies, crackers, and hard margarines and other spreads.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-995d89a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"995d89a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ha-getting-cholesterol-clarity-side-image-6.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17865\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ha-getting-cholesterol-clarity-side-image-6.jpeg 450w, https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ha-getting-cholesterol-clarity-side-image-6-300x200.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86652a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"86652a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50889a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50889a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Below is a table on the recommended intake of various food groups.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37d54c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-table\" data-id=\"37d54c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-table.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-table jet-elements\">\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-table-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"jet-table jet-table--fa5-compat\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead class=\"jet-table__head\"><tr class=\"jet-table__head-row\"><th class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-ea18955 jet-table__head-cell\" scope=\"col\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Nutrition<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><th class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-a5dc170 jet-table__head-cell\" scope=\"col\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Comments<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<tbody class=\"jet-table__body\"><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-8b1e671\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-9a82036 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">\nNutrition\tComments\nTotal Fats<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-d80a73e jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">20 &#8211; 25% with an upper limit of 30% of total energy<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-28bac52\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-04316d7 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Saturated fat (SFA)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-28db8a7 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">< 10% of total calories.\n  SFA should be replaced by:\n<ul><li>\nPUFA,<\/li>\n<li>MUFA or<\/li>\n<li>complex CHO e.g. whole grain, oatmeal<\/li><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-d2c7bfc\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-09401c7 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Dietary cholesterol*<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-1ab9686 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Keep to < 200 mg per day.* High cholesterol foods also contain high levels of SFA (e.g. meat, organ meats, full cream dairy products and some processed foods).<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-21aa05d\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-a7a9582 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Carbohydrates (CHO)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-94ede15 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Total CHO 50 &#8211; 60% of total calories intake with emphasis on whole grains. To reduce intake of refined CHO foods e.g. white rice. In the presence of High TG and low HDL-C, CHO intake should be lower.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-ec2086c\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-0cefa8d jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Protein<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-a329848 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">15 &#8211; 20% of total calories intake with emphasis on vegetable protein.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-67b666a\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-be48170 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Omega-3 fatty acids*<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-2c5737b jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">2 &#8211; 4g per day from food and\/or supplements in patients with hypertriglyceridemia<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-c2d4a0d\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-88f2562 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Dietary fibre<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-5ca2042 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Incorporate fibre-rich foods that contribute at least 20 to 30g of fibre per day. Emphasis should be on soluble fibre sources (7 to 13g) such as fruits**, vegetables**, whole grains, high-fibre cereals, oatmeal, legumes and beans.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-f9cb925\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-a946f41 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Plant sterols and stanols<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-b57681c jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">2 &#8211; 3g per day. These include fortified milk, wheat germ, wheat bran, peanuts, vegetable oils (corn, sesame, canola, and olive oil), oats***, almonds and food supplements.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdfe863 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"cdfe863\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-147926b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"147926b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><i>*this applies to patients with Very High and High cardiovascular risk.<\/i><\/p><p><i>**Juicing removes fibre from whole fruits and vegetables, thus it is not recommended<\/i><\/p><p><i>***Adding \u22653 g (Oat\/bran\/grain)\/d to the diet reduces LDL and total cholesterol by 0.25 mmol\/L and 0.30 mmol\/L, respectively, without changing HDL cholesterol or triglycerides.<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-184f95b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"184f95b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-991a9a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"991a9a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"subtopic13\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What sort of lifestyle changes may improve our cholesterol levels?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ec8155 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2ec8155\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We should implement therapeutic lifestyle changes in our lives.<\/p><p>Regular exercise should be an important part of our lives. Regular exercise reduces the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in both healthy individuals and patients with cardiovascular disease by 20\u201330%.<\/p><p>Studies show that regular aerobic exercise can increase HDL-C by 3\u201310% (up to 0.16 mmol\/L) and reduce TG by about 11% (up to 0.34 mmol\/L).<\/p><p>This should involve at least 150 minutes a week of moderate aerobic or 75 minutes a week of vigorous aerobic exercise.<\/p><p>Smoking is a strong and independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It accelerates coronary plaque development and may lead to plaque rupture. Smokers tend to have a higher TG and lower HDL-C.<\/p><p>There is significant reduction in cardiovascular morbidity within the first six months of smoking cessation. The risks of cardiovascular disease decreases gradually after smoking cessation and reaches that of non-smokers after 10-15 years. This benefit occurs independent of its effect on lipids. We should avoid tobacco smoking and passive smoking.<\/p><p>We should maintain an ideal weight, achieving a Body Mass Index (BMI) &lt; 23 kg\/m2 or at least 5-10% reduction in body weight over 1-2 years. Maintain a waist circumference of &lt; 90 cm for men and &lt; 80 cm for women.<\/p><p>These steps are critical components of health promotion and cardiovascular disease risk reduction.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4784454 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4784454\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64bf17b jteHAlandingLastTxt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"64bf17b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>This article first appeared in <a href=\"https:\/\/story.motherhood.com.my\/blog\/cholesterol-clarity-dr-benjamin-leo\/\">Motherhood.com.my<\/a>, 27 February 2022.<\/em><br \/><br \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Did you know that a research result published in 2019 by National Health &#038; Morbidity Survey (NHMS) showed that four out of 10 people in Malaysia have high cholesterol? Out of this, one out of four are not aware of their condition.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":17861,"template":"","topic":[160,107],"language":[137],"class_list":["post-17859","health-article","type-health-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","topic-cardiology","topic-heart-disease","language-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Getting Cholesterol Clarity - Columbia Asia Hospital I Private Hospital in Malaysia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.columbiaasia.com\/malaysia\/health-articles\/getting-cholesterol-clarity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Getting Cholesterol Clarity - Columbia Asia Hospital I Private Hospital in Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Did you know that a research result published in 2019 by National Health &amp; Morbidity Survey (NHMS) showed that four out of 10 people in Malaysia have high cholesterol? 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