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2023 年 3 月 20 日

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3 分钟阅读

Do Healthy Kids Need Vitamins & Supplements?

由 Dr. Yap Ka Boi

Adequate nutrition intake is important for kids due to growth and development. On top of that, having a balanced nutrition helps in preventing health conditions such as malnutrition and overweight.

Are vitamins and supplements necessary for healthy children?

Kids are able to obtain adequate nutrients from their daily food intake. Therefore, vitamins and supplements are supposed to be given to children who have symptoms or diagnosed with vitamins deficiency. However, kids who are not taking balanced meal will tend to have inadequate nutrients. For examples, those kids are like picky eaters, having irregular meal intakes, having digestive health conditions or having food restrictions due to allergies.  

Besides, kids who are on vegetarian or vegan diet tend to be lacking in iron, vitamin B12, zinc and calcium. Thus, vitamins and supplements are suitable to be given to kids in the categories mentioned. Children can take vitamins and supplements to boost their immune system and appetite. Besides, studies found that more than 50% of Malaysian children do not obtain adequate calcium and vitamin D as suggested in Recommended Nutrients Intake (RNI) Malaysia. Therefore, calcium and vitamin D supplements can be given to children who do not take dairy products and vegetables daily. 

Vitamins & Supplements Deficiency and Overdose in Children

Nutrients
Benefits
Effect of Deficiency
Effect of Overdose
Vitamin A
For healthy eye, growth, development and immune system
Eye, skin, growth issues
Severe headache, blurred vision and dizziness
Vitamin B Complex
Helps in energy production, promote cell health and appetite
Fatigue, nausea, anemia
Lost feeling in limbs, nervous system damage and live
Vitamin C
Antioxidant that protect cells, improve iron absorption
Scurvy, aneamia, bleeding gums
Diarrhea, nausea, gastric discomfort, increase rick of kidney stones
Calcium and Vitamin D
Essential for bone health and growth
Rickets, weak bones/ nails, muscle cramp, confusion
Kidney stones, bone pain, muscle weakness
Iron
For growth, development and essential in blood production
Anemia, fatigue, poor concentration
Bloody vomit/ stool, gastric discomfort
Zinc
Helps in immune system and metabolism
Growth retardation, loss of appetite, impaired immune system
Bloody diarrhea, gastric discomfort
Probiotics
For gut health, constipation, diarrhea and immune system
Not available
Bloating, infection in critically ill child (depends on individual)
Prebiotics
Work together with probiotics, suitable for kids who does not take adequate fruits and vegetable daily
Constipation, colic
Bloating, intestinal discomfort

How to ensure that your child is getting enough nutrition through their diet?

  • Take meal on time, avoid skipping meals
  • Take balanced meal and adequate protein portion using Malaysian Healthy Plate (quarter quarter half)
  • Take dairy products daily such as milk (2 glasses a day)
  • Increase intake of wholegrain products, choose wholegrain cereal, oat biscuit, etc
  • Add on healthy snacks by choosing fruits, vegetable chips, yoghurt, cereal, blended fruits sorbet, etc
  • Reduce on fast food, processed food, sugary beverages and high calorie snacks
  • Expose to sunlight (15-30 minutes, 2-3 times a week) or do more outdoor activities for bone health  

This article first appeared in BabyTalk.

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2023 年 3 月 20 日

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3 分钟阅读

Do Healthy Kids Need Vitamins & Supplements?

由 Dr. Yap Ka Boi

Dr. Yap Ka Boi

Anesthesiology

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2023 年 3 月 20 日

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